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棘托竹蓀水溶性多糖理化性質(zhì)、單糖組成和固體形貌研究

發(fā)布時間：2019/11/4 15:56:21     瀏覽次數(shù)：740

棘托竹蓀水溶性多糖理化性質(zhì)、單糖組成和固體形貌研究
Physicochemical Properties， Monosaccharide Composition and Morphology of Water-soluble Polysaccharides Isolated and Purified from Dictyophora echino-volvata Zane
  
DOI：
中文關(guān)鍵詞: 棘托竹蓀  多糖  乙醇分級  相對分子質(zhì)量  單糖組成  形貌特征

英文關(guān)鍵詞: Dictyophora echino-volvata Zane  polysaccharide  gradual ethanol precipitation  relative molecular weight  monosaccharide composition  molecular topography

棘托竹蓀是市場上常見的四類食用竹蓀之一，具有多種生物活性。本文采用乙醇分級沉淀法從棘托竹蓀提取物中分離得到3個多糖組分（DEP-4P、DEP-6P和DEP-8P），然后采用比色法測定中性糖、蛋白質(zhì)和糖醛酸含量，采用高效液相凝膠滲透色譜法和離子色譜法分析相對分子質(zhì)量和單糖組成，同時對其紅外光譜特征和固體形貌特征進行表征。結(jié)果顯示，乙醇分級沉淀可以有效分離純度較高的棘托竹蓀多糖組分，DEP-4P、DEP-6P和DEP-8P的得率依次為27.4%，6.1% 和1.8%。3種多糖均表現(xiàn)出單一對稱的液相色譜峰，且相對分子質(zhì)量依次為2.1×104，6.5×103，1.9×103 u。DEP-4P和DEP-6P主要由葡萄糖組成，而DEP-8P還有少量甘露糖。紅外光譜顯示竹蓀多糖為典型的α-型葡聚糖。電鏡觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)DEP-4P和DEP-6P呈現(xiàn)片狀結(jié)構(gòu)，而DEP-8P則有較多絲狀形貌。研究結(jié)果表明，乙醇分級沉淀可快速、高效分離棘托竹蓀提取物中不同的多糖組分，為今后結(jié)構(gòu)、功能研究及實際應(yīng)用提供良好基礎(chǔ)。

Dictyophora echino-volvata Zane， a kind of the edible Dictyophoraindusiata species， has various bioactivities. Three fractions， named as DEP-4P， DEP-6P and DEP-8P， were fractionated using gradual ethanol precipitation method from the water soluble extract of Dictyophora echino-volvata Zane. The yields of DEP-4P， DEP-6P and DEP-8P were 27.4%， 6.1% and 1.8%， successively. The contents of neutral sugar in DEP-4P， DEP-6P and DEP-8P ranged from 96.2% to 88.2%. No protein and uronic acid were detected. DEP-4P， DEP-6P and DEP-8P were identified as polysaccharides with high purity by high performance gel permeation charomatograph method. The relative molecular weights of DEP-4P， DEP-6P and DEP-8P were calculated to be 2.1×104， 6.5×103 and 1.9×103 u， successively， by referring to the molecular weights of dextran standards. Glucose was the major monosaccharide among the three fractions， while that there was trace amounts of mannose in DEP-8P. FT-IR spectra of the polysaccharides indicated that they may be α-glucans. Scanning electron micrographs showed that DEP-4P and DEP-6P performed as sheet-like appearance， while DEP-8P presented pod or line-like shape. All above， α-glucans with different molecular weights and topographic characteristics were successfully isolated from crude extract of Dictyophora echino-volvata Zane， which could lay a good foundation for further investigations in the structural features， functional proterties and applications.